Learn to Program 9

Posted by Derek Banas on Jul 16, 2016 in Web Design | 0 comments

In this part of my Learn to Program series we learn about Classes, Objects, Self, __init__, Getters, Setters, Properties, and then create 2 warriors that fight to the death. It is the beginning knowledge we will eventually use to make awesome games.

All of the code along with a transcript of the video follows the video below. If you missed previous tutorials they start here.

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Code & Transcript

# ---------- LEARN TO PROGRAM 9 ----------

# Real world objects have attributes and capabilities

# A dog for example has the attributes of height, weight
# favorite food, etc.

# It has the capability to run, bark, scratch, etc.

# In object oriented programming we model real world objects
# be defining the attributes (fields) and capabilities (methods)
# that they have.

# A class is the template used to model these objects
# Here we will model a Dog object

class Dog:

    # The init method is called to create an object
    # We give default values for the fields if none
    # are provided
    def __init__(self, name="", height=0, weight=0):

        # self allows an object to refer to itself
        # It is like how you refer to yourself with my

        # We will take the values passed in and assign
        # them to the new Dog objects fields (attributes)
        self.name = name
        self.height = height
        self.weight = weight

        # Define what happens when the Dog is asked to
        # demonstrate its capabilities

    def run(self):
        print("{} the dog runs".format(self.name))

    def eat(self):
        print("{} the dog eats".format(self.name))

    def bark(self):
        print("{} the dog barks".format(self.name))


def main():

    # Create a new Dog object
    spot = Dog("Spot", 66, 26)

    spot.bark()

    bowser = Dog()

main()


# ---------- GETTERS & SETTERS ----------
# Getters and Setters are used to protect our objects
# from assigning bad fields or for providing improved
# output

class Square:
    def __init__(self, height="0", width="0"):
        self.height = height
        self.width = width

    # This is the getter
    @property
    def height(self):
        print("Retrieving the height")

        # Put a __ before this private field
        return self.__height

    # This is the setter
    @height.setter
    def height(self, value):

        # We protect the height from receiving a bad value
        if value.isdigit():

            # Put a __ before this private field
            self.__height = value
        else:
            print("Please only enter numbers for height")

    # This is the getter
    @property
    def width(self):
        print("Retrieving the width")
        return self.__width

    # This is the setter
    @width.setter
    def width(self, value):
        if value.isdigit():
            self.__width = value
        else:
            print("Please only enter numbers for width")

    def getArea(self):
        return int(self.__width) * int(self.__height)


def main():
    aSquare = Square()

    height = input("Enter height : ")
    width = input("Enter width : ")

    aSquare.height = height
    aSquare.width = width

    print("Height :", aSquare.height)
    print("Width :", aSquare.width)

    print("The Area is :", aSquare.getArea())


main()

# ---------- WARRIORS BATTLE ----------
# We will create a game with this sample output
'''
Sam attacks Paul and deals 9 damage
Paul is down to 10 health
Paul attacks Sam and deals 7 damage
Sam is down to 7 health
Sam attacks Paul and deals 19 damage
Paul is down to -9 health
Paul has Died and Sam is Victorious
Game Over
'''

# We will create a Warrior & Battle class

import random
import math

# Warriors will have names, health, and attack and block maximums
# They will have the capabilities to attack and block random amounts
class Warrior:
    def __init__(self, name="warrior", health=0, attkMax=0, blockMax=0):
        self.name = name
        self.health = health
        self.attkMax = attkMax
        self.blockMax = blockMax

    def attack(self):
        # Randomly calculate the attack amount
        # random() returns a value from 0.0 to 1.0
        attkAmt = self.attkMax * (random.random() + .5)

        return attkAmt

    def block(self):

        # Randomly calculate how much of the attack was blocked
        blockAmt = self.blockMax * (random.random() + .5)

        return blockAmt

# The Battle class will have the capability to loop until 1 Warrior dies
# The Warriors will each get a turn to attack each turn

class Battle:

    def startFight(self, warrior1, warrior2):

        # Continue looping until a Warrior dies switching back and
        # forth as the Warriors attack each other
        while True:
            if self.getAttackResult(warrior1, warrior2) == "Game Over":
                print("Game Over")
                break

            if self.getAttackResult(warrior2, warrior1) == "Game Over":
                print("Game Over")
                break

    # A function will receive each Warrior that will attack the other
    # Have the attack and block amounts be integers to make the results clean
    # Output the results of the fight as it goes
    # If a Warrior dies return that result to end the looping in the
    # above function

    # Make this method static because we don't need to use self
    @staticmethod
    def getAttackResult(warriorA, warriorB):
        warriorAAttkAmt = warriorA.attack()

        warriorBBlockAmt = warriorB.block()

        damage2WarriorB = math.ceil(warriorAAttkAmt - warriorBBlockAmt)

        warriorB.health = warriorB.health - damage2WarriorB

        print("{} attacks {} and deals {} damage".format(warriorA.name,
                                                         warriorB.name, damage2WarriorB))

        print("{} is down to {} health".format(warriorB.name,
                                               warriorB.health))

        if warriorB.health <= 0:
            print("{} has Died and {} is Victorious".format(warriorB.name,
                                                            warriorA.name))

            return "Game Over"
        else:
            return "Fight Again"


def main():

    # Create 2 Warriors
    paul = Warrior("Paul", 50, 20, 10)
    sam = Warrior("Sam", 50, 20, 10)

    # Create Battle object
    battle = Battle()

    # Initiate Battle
    battle.startFight(paul, sam)

main()

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# ---------- LEARN TO PROGRAM 9 ----------

# Real world objects have attributes and capabilities

# A dog for example has the attributes of height, weight

# favorite food, etc.

# It has the capability to run, bark, scratch, etc.

# In object oriented programming we model real world objects

# be defining the attributes (fields) and capabilities (methods)

# that they have.

# A class is the template used to model these objects

# Here we will model a Dog object

class Dog:

# The init method is called to create an object

# We give default values for the fields if none

# are provided

def __init__(self, name="", height=0, weight=0):

# self allows an object to refer to itself

# It is like how you refer to yourself with my

# We will take the values passed in and assign

# them to the new Dog objects fields (attributes)

self.name = name

self.height = height

self.weight = weight

# Define what happens when the Dog is asked to

# demonstrate its capabilities

def run(self):

print("{} the dog runs".format(self.name))

def eat(self):

print("{} the dog eats".format(self.name))

def bark(self):

print("{} the dog barks".format(self.name))

def main():

# Create a new Dog object

spot = Dog("Spot", 66, 26)

spot.bark()

bowser = Dog()

main()

# ---------- GETTERS & SETTERS ----------

# Getters and Setters are used to protect our objects

# from assigning bad fields or for providing improved

# output

class Square:

def __init__(self, height="0", width="0"):

self.height = height

self.width = width

# This is the getter

@property

def height(self):

print("Retrieving the height")

# Put a __ before this private field

return self.__height

# This is the setter

@height.setter

def height(self, value):

# We protect the height from receiving a bad value

if value.isdigit():

# Put a __ before this private field

self.__height = value

else:

print("Please only enter numbers for height")

# This is the getter

@property

def width(self):

print("Retrieving the width")

return self.__width

# This is the setter

@width.setter

def width(self, value):

if value.isdigit():

self.__width = value

else:

print("Please only enter numbers for width")

def getArea(self):

return int(self.__width) * int(self.__height)

def main():

aSquare = Square()

height = input("Enter height : ")

width = input("Enter width : ")

aSquare.height = height

aSquare.width = width

print("Height :", aSquare.height)

print("Width :", aSquare.width)

print("The Area is :", aSquare.getArea())

main()

# ---------- WARRIORS BATTLE ----------

# We will create a game with this sample output

'''

Sam attacks Paul and deals 9 damage

Paul is down to 10 health

Paul attacks Sam and deals 7 damage

Sam is down to 7 health

Sam attacks Paul and deals 19 damage

Paul is down to -9 health

Paul has Died and Sam is Victorious

Game Over

'''

# We will create a Warrior & Battle class

import random

import math

# Warriors will have names, health, and attack and block maximums

# They will have the capabilities to attack and block random amounts

class Warrior:

def __init__(self, name="warrior", health=0, attkMax=0, blockMax=0):

self.name = name

self.health = health

self.attkMax = attkMax

self.blockMax = blockMax

def attack(self):

# Randomly calculate the attack amount

# random() returns a value from 0.0 to 1.0

attkAmt = self.attkMax * (random.random() + .5)

return attkAmt

def block(self):

# Randomly calculate how much of the attack was blocked

blockAmt = self.blockMax * (random.random() + .5)

return blockAmt

# The Battle class will have the capability to loop until 1 Warrior dies

# The Warriors will each get a turn to attack each turn

class Battle:

def startFight(self, warrior1, warrior2):

# Continue looping until a Warrior dies switching back and

# forth as the Warriors attack each other

while True:

if self.getAttackResult(warrior1, warrior2) == "Game Over":

print("Game Over")

break

if self.getAttackResult(warrior2, warrior1) == "Game Over":

print("Game Over")

break

# A function will receive each Warrior that will attack the other

# Have the attack and block amounts be integers to make the results clean

# Output the results of the fight as it goes

# If a Warrior dies return that result to end the looping in the

# above function

# Make this method static because we don't need to use self

@staticmethod

def getAttackResult(warriorA, warriorB):

warriorAAttkAmt = warriorA.attack()

warriorBBlockAmt = warriorB.block()

damage2WarriorB = math.ceil(warriorAAttkAmt - warriorBBlockAmt)

warriorB.health = warriorB.health - damage2WarriorB

print("{} attacks {} and deals {} damage".format(warriorA.name,

warriorB.name, damage2WarriorB))

print("{} is down to {} health".format(warriorB.name,

warriorB.health))

if warriorB.health <= 0:

print("{} has Died and {} is Victorious".format(warriorB.name,

warriorA.name))

return "Game Over"

else:

return "Fight Again"

def main():

# Create 2 Warriors

paul = Warrior("Paul", 50, 20, 10)

sam = Warrior("Sam", 50, 20, 10)

# Create Battle object

battle = Battle()

# Initiate Battle

battle.startFight(paul, sam)

main()

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Learn to Program 9

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