Arduino Tutorial 3
In the last video I asked for requests so in this video I cover those requests. I’ll make both a Proximity Sensor and a Piano using an Arduino. Here is the kit I’m using.
We’ll learn about Ultrasonic Sensors, How Sound is Turned into a Current, Passive Buzzers and much more. All of the code is below.
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Code from the Video
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// The Ultrasonic Sensor Module measures how far away an // object is from it from 2 - 400cm. // You activate the trigger pin for 10μs it sends a high // frequency 8 cycle burst. It then turns on the echo // receiver that measures distance by how quickly the signal // bounces back. // The frequency is sent by converting changes in a current which interacts with a magnet // to cause the diaphragm, which is a flexible film, to vibrate creating sound waves. // We then turn the sound waves bouncing back, back into a current we can measure // in the opposite way // Create easy ways to identify what pins are being used for int triggerPin = 11; int echoPin = 10; long duration, distance; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // Designate which pins are used for output and input reasons pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); pinMode(triggerPin, OUTPUT); // Prepare LED pins to provide an output voltage pinMode(3, OUTPUT); pinMode(5, OUTPUT); pinMode(6, OUTPUT); } void loop() { // As we loop the trigger pin that sends the 8 cycle frequency is turned on and off digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2); digitalWrite(triggerPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10); digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW); // Get the travel time from playing the sound to receiving // it back // pulseIn() turns a pin on and waits times the period from LOW to HIGH // and returns the period in microseconds duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Convert that time to centimeters distance = MicrosecondsToCentimeters(duration); Serial.print("Distance : "); Serial.println(distance); // If less then 20 centimeters turn on 1 LED if(distance < 20){ analogWrite(3, 91.5); } else { // If not true turn off LED analogWrite(3, 0); } // If less then 15 centimeters turn on next LED if(distance < 15){ analogWrite(5, 91.5); } else { analogWrite(5, 0); } // If less then 10 centimeters turn on next LED if(distance < 10){ analogWrite(6, 91.5); } else { analogWrite(6, 0); } } // The speed of sound is .0343 cm/μs // We receive both the distance from the sensor and // back again so we must divide by 2 long MicrosecondsToCentimeters(long duration){ long d = (duration / 2) * .0343; return d; } // Designate that any place in the code were the variable is used we should instead // replace with the integer value // These are all the notes we want to play #define NOTE_C5 523 #define NOTE_D5 587 #define NOTE_E5 659 #define NOTE_F5 698 #define NOTE_G5 784 #define NOTE_A5 880 #define NOTE_B5 988 // Constants representing the ports associated with playing certain notes const int C_5 = 7; const int D_5 = 8; const int E_5 = 9; const int F_5 = 10; const int G_5 = 11; const int A_5 = 12; const int B_5 = 13; // The port the passive buzzer is attached to // The passive buzzer receives an AC current and the frequency provided determines // the tone it plays like we saw with the Ultrasonic sensor const int Buzzer = 2; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // Configure the pins connected to the switches as inputs pinMode(C_5, INPUT); pinMode(D_5, INPUT); pinMode(E_5, INPUT); pinMode(F_5, INPUT); pinMode(G_5, INPUT); pinMode(A_5, INPUT); pinMode(B_5, INPUT); // Setup the input pins to receive input digitalWrite(C_5, INPUT_PULLUP); digitalWrite(D_5, INPUT_PULLUP); digitalWrite(E_5, INPUT_PULLUP); digitalWrite(F_5, INPUT_PULLUP); digitalWrite(G_5, INPUT_PULLUP); digitalWrite(A_5, INPUT_PULLUP); digitalWrite(B_5, INPUT_PULLUP); } // When a switch is pressed generate the designated tone through the buzzer // If no switch is pressed stop the generation of square waves void loop() { while(digitalRead(C_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_C5); } while(digitalRead(D_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_D5); } while(digitalRead(E_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_E5); } while(digitalRead(F_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_F5); } while(digitalRead(G_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_G5); } while(digitalRead(A_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_A5); } while(digitalRead(B_5) == LOW){ tone(Buzzer, NOTE_B5); } noTone(Buzzer); } |
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